AWS Glue Catalog Data Tables

Yes, you would need to run crawler again for changes to be picked up and updated in Glue catalog tables. When Glue crawler runs, it analyzes data sources folders/files etc specified and generates tables in Glue Data Catalog based on underlying schemas/data it detects. These catalog tables then will be metadata which can be used as ETL jobs, Athena queries etc.

Crawler only analyzes data and creates/updates tables during actual crawler runs. Any changes made to underlying data sources will not be reflected in Glue data catalog unless crawler re-runs. Thus, in your case re-run the crawler so existing Glue job can see new updated file/schema structures