CDK - Resource handler returned message: "Access denied for operation 'AWS::Bedrock::Agent'." when creating an agent with foundationModel set as inference-profile.

Question

When I try to deploy a bedrock agent with CDK and attempt to use a model inference-profile rather than foundation-model I get the following error:

```bash
17:21:04 | CREATE_FAILED        | AWS::Bedrock::Agent         | agent-bedrock-us-east-1
Resource handler returned message: "Access denied for operation 'AWS::Bedrock::Agent'." (RequestToken: , HandlerErrorCode: AccessDenied)
```
Even if I'm over permissive and grant `bedrock:InvokeModel` with resources set to:

`
"arn:aws:bedrock:us-east-1::inference-profile/*",
"arn:aws:bedrock:us-east-1::foundation-model/*",
"arn:aws:bedrock:us-west-2::foundation-model/*"
`

I still get the same error. I also tried enabling model access in all US regions and the issue persists.

Below are snippets of the agent configuration:
```typescript
const agent = new CfnAgent(this, `agent-${props.service}-${this.region}`, {
      agentName: `agent-${props.service}-${this.region}`,
      instruction: readFileSync("../prompts/base.md", "utf-8"),
      agentResourceRoleArn: agentRole.roleArn,
      foundationModel: props.inferenceProfile.inferenceProfileArn,
      autoPrepare: true,
      memoryConfiguration: {
        enabledMemoryTypes: [
          "SESSION_SUMMARY"
        ],
        storageDays: 30
      },
      idleSessionTtlInSeconds: 3600,
      knowledgeBases: [
        {
          knowledgeBaseId: knowledgeBase.attrKnowledgeBaseId,
          knowledgeBaseState: "ENABLED",
          description: "Description for the KB."
        }
      ],
      tags: {
        model: props.inferenceProfile.inferenceProfileId || "",
        updatedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
        service: props.service
      }
    });
```
And the agent service role:
```typescript
const agentPolicy = new Policy(this, `agent-policy-${props.service}-${this.region}`, {
      policyName: `agent-policy-${props.service}-${this.region}`,
      statements: [
        new PolicyStatement({
          effect: Effect.ALLOW,
          actions: [
            "bedrock:InvokeModel*"
          ],
          resources: [
            "arn:aws:bedrock:us-east-1::inference-profile/*",
            "arn:aws:bedrock:us-east-1::foundation-model/*",
            "arn:aws:bedrock:us-west-2::foundation-model/*"
          ]
        }),
        new PolicyStatement({
          effect: Effect.ALLOW,
          actions: [
            "bedrock:Retrieve",
            "bedrock:RetrieveAndGenerate"
          ],
          resources: [
            `arn:aws:bedrock:${this.region}:*:knowledge-base/${knowledgeBase.attrKnowledgeBaseId}`,
            `arn:aws:bedrock:${this.region}:*:knowledge-base/${knowledgeBase.attrKnowledgeBaseId}/*`
          ]
        }),
        new PolicyStatement({
          effect: Effect.ALLOW,
          actions: [
            "logs:CreateLogGroup",
            "logs:CreateLogStream",
            "logs:PutLogEvents"
          ],
          resources: [
            `arn:aws:logs:${this.region}:${this.account}:log-group:/aws/bedrock/agent/*`
          ]
        })
      ]
    });
    agentRole.attachInlinePolicy(agentPolicy);
```

EDIT:
Also to note, if I use a foundation model available in us-east-1 it works, and the deployment was done using AdministratorAccess.

re:Post Agent · Accepted Answer

I was able to replicate the error message in my environment as well using the permissions that you provided for the Bedrock agentResourceRoleArn. For replication, I used the inference profile for `Claude 3.5 Haiku`.

In order to solve this issue, you will have to add the following permission to the IAM role policy.

```
{
            "Action": [
                "bedrock:GetInferenceProfile",
                "bedrock:ListInferenceProfiles",
                "bedrock:UseInferenceProfile"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:bedrock:us-east-1::inference-profile/*",
            "Effect": "Allow"
        }
```

I added the following policyStatement to the Agent Role policy and then the Bedrock agent was created successfully.
```
new iam.PolicyStatement({
          effect: iam.Effect.ALLOW,
          actions: [
            "bedrock:GetInferenceProfile",
            "bedrock:ListInferenceProfiles",
            "bedrock:UseInferenceProfile"
          ],
          resources: [
            `arn:aws:bedrock:us-east-1:${this.account}:inference-profile/*`,
          ]
        }),
```
For more detail on the IAM permissions required to use inference profiles refer to the document https://docs.aws.amazon.com/bedrock/latest/userguide/inference-profiles-prereq.html

Requesting you to please try out the same in your environment and if issues persists, please reach out to us using AWS Support portal as further troubleshooting would require checking your stack details and other resource's specification.

CDK - Resource handler returned message: "Access denied for operation 'AWS::Bedrock::Agent'." when creating an agent with foundationModel set as inference-profile.

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