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Como resolvo o erro de perfil do IAM que recebo no Amazon Redshift quando uso o CloudFormation?

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Quero criar um cluster do Amazon Redshift ou uma ação programada no AWS CloudFormation. No entanto, recebo o erro de perfil “The IAM role must delegate access to an Amazon Redshift account” do AWS Identity and Access Management (AWS IAM).

Breve descrição

Ao tentar criar um cluster do Amazon Redshift ou uma ação agendada no CloudFormation, você recebe a seguinte mensagem de erro:

“The IAM role is not valid. The IAM role must delegate access to an Amazon Redshift account.”

Para resolver esse problema, você deve definir o perfil do IAM nos parâmetros do modelo do CloudFormation para que o cluster possa acessar outros serviços da AWS.

Resolução

Atualizar os parâmetros de modelo do CloudFormation em YAML

Para atualizar os parâmetros do modelo do CloudFormation em YAML, conclua as seguintes etapas:

  1. Defina seus parâmetros para criar uma pilha:

    AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
Description: Create Redshift Stack.
Parameters:
  Environment:
    Description: Environment of the resources.
    Type: String
    Default: staging
    AllowedValues:
      - production
      - staging
      - testing
  Name:
    Description: Cluster name.
    Type: String
    Default: 'mycluster'
  Service:
    Description: Service name.
    Type: String
    Default: redshift
    AllowedValues:
      - redshift
  DatabaseName:
    Description:  Database name.
    Type: String
    Default: dev
    AllowedPattern: "([a-z]|[0-9])+"
  ClusterType:
    Description: The type of cluster
    Type: String
    Default: multi-node
    AllowedValues:
    - single-node
    - multi-node
  NumberOfNodes:
    Description: Compute nodes count. For multi-node clusters,
      the NumberOfNodes parameter must be greater than 1
    Type: Number
    Default: '2'
  NodeType:
    Description: The type of node to be provisioned
    Type: String
    Default: dc2.large
    AllowedValues:
    - dc2.large
    - dc2.8xlarge
    - ra3.4xlarge
    - ra3.16xlarge
  MasterUsername:
    Description: Master user name.
    Type: String
    Default: awsuser
    AllowedPattern: "([a-z])([a-z]|[0-9])*"
  MasterUserPassword:
    Description: Master user password. Must have a length of 8-64 characters, contain one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, and one number. Also only contain printable ASCII characters except for '/', '@', '"', ' ', '\' and '\'.
    Type: String
    NoEcho: 'true'
  PortNumber:
    Description: The port number on which the cluster accepts incoming connections.
    Type: Number
    Default: '5439'
Conditions:
  IsMultiNodeCluster:
    Fn::Equals:
    - Ref: ClusterType
    - multi-node

    Observação: é uma prática recomendada usar referências dinâmicas em seu modelo de pilha. Para mais informações sobre as práticas recomendadas, consulte Práticas recomendadas de segurança para o CloudFormation.

  2. Use o modelo a seguir para criar um perfil do IAM para o Amazon RedShift assumir ao acessar outros serviços da AWS:

    Resources:
  RedshiftRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      RoleName: !Sub ${Environment}-${Name}-${Service}
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: '2012-10-17'
        Statement:
        - Effect: Allow
          Principal:
            Service:
              - redshift.amazonaws.com
          Action:
            - sts:AssumeRole
          Condition:
            StringEquals:
              sts:ExternalId: !Sub 'arn:aws:redshift:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:dbuser:${Environment}-${Name}-${Service}/awsuser'
      Path: "/"

  3. Em Políticas, especifique as políticas do IAM a serem anexadas ao perfil do IAM:

    Policies:  
  - PolicyName: policy-s3
    PolicyDocument:
    Version: 2012-10-17
    Statement:
    - Effect: Allow
    Action:
      - 's3:AbortMultipartUpload'
      - 's3:GetBucketLocation'
      - 's3:ListBucket'
      - 's3:ListBucketMultipartUploads'
      - 's3:GetObject'
      - 's3:PutObject'
    Resource:
      - !Sub "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier1"
      - !Sub "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier1/log-internal-${Service}/*"
      - !Sub "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier2"
      - !Sub "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier2/*"
    - Effect: Allow
    Action:
      - 's3:DeleteObject'
    Resource:
      - !Sub "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier1/log-internal-${Service}/*"
      - !Sub "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier2/*"
  - PolicyName: policy-cloudwatch
    PolicyDocument:
    Version: 2012-10-17
    Statement:
    - Effect: Allow
    Action:
      - 'logs:CreateLogGroup'
      - 'logs:CreateLogStream'
      - 'logs:PutLogEvents'
    Resource: "*"

  4. Use o modelo a seguir com a função Fn::GetAtt para criar o cluster do Amazon Redshift e incluir o RedshiftRole:

    RedshiftCluster:
  Type: AWS::Redshift::Cluster
  Properties:

    IamRoles:
    - Fn::GetAtt: [ RedshiftRole, Arn ]

    AllowVersionUpgrade: true
    AutomatedSnapshotRetentionPeriod: 7
    ClusterIdentifier: !Sub ${Environment}-${Name}-${Service}
    ClusterVersion: 1.0
    ClusterType:
    Ref: ClusterType
    NumberOfNodes:
    Fn::If:
    - IsMultiNodeCluster
    - Ref: NumberOfNodes
    - Ref: AWS::NoValue
    NodeType:
    Ref: NodeType
    DBName:
    Ref: DatabaseName
    MasterUsername:
    Ref: MasterUsername
    MasterUserPassword:
    Ref: MasterUserPassword
    Port:
    Ref: PortNumber
    PreferredMaintenanceWindow: Sun:18:30-Sun:19:30
    PubliclyAccessible: yes
    AvailabilityZone: !Select [0, !GetAZs ""]

    Observação: uma referência incorreta a um perfil do IAM, como Ref, causa um erro.

Atualizar parâmetros de modelo do CloudFormation em JSON

Para atualizar os parâmetros do modelo do CloudFormation em JSON, conclua as seguintes etapas:

  1. Defina seus parâmetros para criar uma pilha:

    {
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
  "Description": "Create Redshift Stack.",
  "Parameters": {
    "Environment": {
      "Description": "Environment of the resources.",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "staging",
      "AllowedValues": [
        "production",
        "staging",
        "testing"
      ]
    },
    "Name": {
      "Description": "Cluster name.",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "mycluster"
    },
    "Service": {
      "Description": "Service name.",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "redshift",
      "AllowedValues": [
        "redshift"
      ]
    },
    "DatabaseName": {
      "Description": "Database name.",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "dev",
      "AllowedPattern": "([a-z]|[0-9])+"
    },
    "ClusterType": {
      "Description": "The type of cluster",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "multi-node",
      "AllowedValues": [
        "single-node",
        "multi-node"
      ]
    },
    "NumberOfNodes": {
      "Description": "Compute nodes count. For multi-node clusters, the NumberOfNodes parameter must be greater than 1",
      "Type": "Number",
      "Default": "2"
    },
    "NodeType": {
      "Description": "The type of node to be provisioned",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "dc2.large",
      "AllowedValues": [
        "dc2.large",
        "dc2.8xlarge",
        "ra3.4xlarge",
        "ra3.16xlarge"
      ]
    },
    "MasterUsername": {
      "Description": "Master user name.",
      "Type": "String",
      "Default": "awsuser",
      "AllowedPattern": "([a-z])([a-z]|[0-9])*"
    },
    "MasterUserPassword": {
      "Description": "Master user password. Must have a length of 8-64 characters, contain one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, and one number. Also only contain printable ASCII characters except for '/', '@', '\"', ' ', '\\' and '\\'.",
      "Type": "String",
      "NoEcho": "true"
    },
    "PortNumber": {
      "Description": "The port number on which the cluster accepts incoming connections.",
      "Type": "Number",
      "Default": "5439"
    }
  },
  "Conditions": {
    "IsMultiNodeCluster": {
      "Fn::Equals": [
        {
          "Ref": "ClusterType"
        },
        "multi-node"
      ]
    }
  },

  2. Use o modelo a seguir para criar o perfil do IAM para acessar seu cluster do Amazon Redshift:

    "Resources": {
    "RedshiftRole": {
      "Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
      "Properties": {
        "RoleName": {
          "Fn::Sub": "${Environment}-${Name}-${Service}"
        },
        "AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
          "Version": "2012-10-17",
          "Statement": [
            {
              "Effect": "Allow",
              "Principal": {
                "Service": [
                  "redshift.amazonaws.com"
                ]
              },
              "Action": [
                "sts:AssumeRole"
              ],
              "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                  "sts:ExternalId": {
                    "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:redshift:${AWS::Region}:${AWS::AccountId}:dbuser:${Environment}-${Name}-${Service}/awsuser"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "Path": "/",

  3. Em Políticas, especifique as políticas do IAM a serem anexadas ao perfil do IAM:

    "Policies": [
      {
      "PolicyName": "policy-s3",
      "PolicyDocument": {
        "Version": "2012-10-17",
        "Statement": [
        {
          "Effect": "Allow",
          "Action": [
          "s3:AbortMultipartUpload",
          "s3:GetBucketLocation",
          "s3:ListBucket",
          "s3:ListBucketMultipartUploads",
          "s3:GetObject",
          "s3:PutObject"
          ],
          "Resource": [
          {
            "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier1"
          },
          {
            "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier1/log-internal-${Service}/*"
          },
          {
            "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier2"
          },
          {
            "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier2/*"
          }
          ]
        },
        {
          "Effect": "Allow",
          "Action": [
          "s3:DeleteObject"
          ],
          "Resource": [
          {
            "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier1/log-internal-${Service}/*"
          },
          {
            "Fn::Sub": "arn:aws:s3:::${Environment}-${Name}-tier2/*"
          }
          ]
        }
        ]
      }
      },
      {
      "PolicyName": "policy-cloudwatch",
      "PolicyDocument": {
        "Version": "2012-10-17",
        "Statement": [
        {
          "Effect": "Allow",
          "Action": [
          "logs:CreateLogGroup",
          "logs:CreateLogStream",
          "logs:PutLogEvents"
          ],
          "Resource": "*"
        }
        ]
      }
      }
    ]
    }
  },

  4. Use o modelo a seguir com a função Fn::GetAtt para criar o cluster do Amazon Redshift e incluir o RedshiftRole:

    "RedshiftCluster": {
      "Type": "AWS::Redshift::Cluster",
      "Properties": {
        "IamRoles": [
          {
            "Fn::GetAtt": [
              "RedshiftRole",
              "Arn"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "AllowVersionUpgrade": true,
        "AutomatedSnapshotRetentionPeriod": 7,
        "ClusterIdentifier": {
          "Fn::Sub": "${Environment}-${Name}-${Service}"
        },
        "ClusterVersion": 1,
        "ClusterType": {
          "Ref": "ClusterType"
        },
        "NumberOfNodes": {
          "Fn::If": [
            "IsMultiNodeCluster",
            {
              "Ref": "NumberOfNodes"
            },
            {
              "Ref": "AWS::NoValue"
            }
          ]
        },
        "NodeType": {
          "Ref": "NodeType"
        },
        "DBName": {
          "Ref": "DatabaseName"
        },
        "MasterUsername": {
          "Ref": "MasterUsername"
        },
        "MasterUserPassword": {
          "Ref": "MasterUserPassword"
        },
        "Port": {
          "Ref": "PortNumber"
        },
        "PreferredMaintenanceWindow": "Sun:18:30-Sun:19:30",
        "PubliclyAccessible": "true",
        "AvailabilityZone": {
          "Fn::Select": [
            0,
            {
              "Fn::GetAZs": ""
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Criar uma nova pilha no CloudFormation

Depois de atualizar os parâmetros do modelo, use seu modelo JSON ou YAML para criar uma nova pilha do CloudFormation.

Informações relacionadas

Referência de tipo de recurso do Amazon Redshift

Trechos de modelos do Amazon Redshift

Automatizar a criação de clusters do Amazon Redshift usando o AWS CloudFormation

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