如何使用 AWS CLI 和 jq 创建我的 AWS DMS 任务设置的备份？

简短描述

使用 AWS 命令行界面（AWS CLI）和 jq 命令行 JSON 处理器创建 AWS DMS 复制任务设置的备份。

解决方法

**注意：**如果在运行 AWS CLI 命令时收到错误，请参阅排查 AWS CLI 错误。此外，确保您使用的是最新版本的 AWS CLI。

先决条件

1. 安装 AWS CLI。
2. 从 GitHub 上的 /jq 存储库中下载 jq 工具。

获取复制任务设置

要获取 AWS DMS 复制任务设置，请使用 AWS CLI 运行 describe-replication-tasks 命令。必须使用--filters 标志。使用 filters 标志，会仅返回与以下项目之一匹配的任务：

• 复制任务 ID
• 复制任务 ARN

运行此查询以获取包含复制任务 ID 的 AWS DMS 任务的复制任务设置。将 dms\ _task\ _id 替换为您的 AWS DMS 复制任务 ID。

aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=dms_task_id --output json

运行此查询以获取包含复制任务 ARN 的 AWS DMS 任务的复制任务设置。将 dms\ _task\ _arn 替换为您的 AWS DMS 复制任务 ARN。

aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=dms_task_arn --output json

使用 jq 筛选和转换 JSON 输出

根据要运行的任务类型筛选和转换上一步中的 JSON 输出。必须筛选和转换此 JSON，使其兼容，才能在以后进行恢复。

使用 jq 命令行 JSON 处理器修改输出 JSON：

满负荷任务

移除以下数据：

• ReplicationTaskArn
• ReplicationTaskStartDate
• ReplicationTaskStats
• 状态
• StopReason
• ReplicationTaskCreationDate
• CloudWatchLogGroup
• CloudWatchLogStream
• RecoveryCheckpoint

CDC 任务

• 添加密钥 CdcStartPosition。然后，将该值设置为 RecoveryCheckpoint。

移除以下数据：

• ReplicationTaskArn
• ReplicationTaskStartDate
• ReplicationTaskStats
• 状态
• StopReason
• ReplicationTaskCreationDate
• CloudWatchLogGroup
• CloudWatchLogStream
• RecoveryCheckpoint

满负荷和 CDC 任务

移除以下数据：

• ReplicationTaskArn
• ReplicationTaskStartDate
• ReplicationTaskStats
• 状态
• StopReason
• ReplicationTaskCreationDate
• CloudWatchLogGroup
• CloudWatchLogStream
• RecoveryCheckpoint

然后，运行以下命令之一：这些命令通过管道将输出 JSON 传送到 jq，然后筛选和转换复制任务数据。

使用 AWS DMS 复制任务 ID

aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=dms_task_id --output json | jq '.ReplicationTasks | .[] | .TableMappings |= fromjson | .ReplicationTaskSettings |= fromjson | .["CdcStartPosition"] = .RecoveryCheckpoint | delpaths([    ["ReplicationTaskArn"],["ReplicationTaskStartDate"],["ReplicationTaskStats"],["Status"],["StopReason"],["ReplicationTaskCreationDate"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogGroup"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogStream"],["RecoveryCheckpoint"]])
    | .TableMappings |= tostring |.ReplicationTaskSettings |= tostring'

使用 AWS DMS 复制任务 ARN

aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-arn,Values=dms-task-arn --output json | jq '.ReplicationTasks | .[] | .TableMappings |= fromjson | .ReplicationTaskSettings |= fromjson | .["CdcStartPosition"] = .RecoveryCheckpoint | delpaths([    ["ReplicationTaskArn"],["ReplicationTaskStartDate"],["ReplicationTaskStats"],["Status"],["StopReason"],["ReplicationTaskCreationDate"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogGroup"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogStream"],["RecoveryCheckpoint"]])
    | .TableMappings |= tostring |.ReplicationTaskSettings |= tostring'

将输出保存到 JSON 文件中

要将生成的输出保存为备份，请将其重定向到 JSON 文件。例如，此命令将任务 ID 为 dms_original_task 的 AWS DMS 任务的任务设置保存到名为 task_backup.json 的 JSON 文件中：

aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=original-dms-task --output json | jq '.ReplicationTasks | .[] | .TableMappings |= fromjson | .ReplicationTaskSettings |= fromjson | .["CdcStartPosition"] = .RecoveryCheckpoint | delpaths([ ["ReplicationTaskArn"],["ReplicationTaskStartDate"],["ReplicationTaskStats"],["Status"],["StopReason"],["ReplicationTaskCreationDate"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogGroup"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogStream"],["RecoveryCheckpoint"]]) | .TableMappings |= tostring |.ReplicationTaskSettings |= tostring' > task_backup.json

输出 JSON 文件显示的输出与以下内容类似：

{  "ReplicationTaskIdentifier": "original-dms-task",
  "SourceEndpointArn": "arn:aws:dms:us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxx:endpoint:QKMQN2TCULCPYIK3CMGF2CRDC5DIWZ433BCKHZY",
  "TargetEndpointArn": "arn:aws:dms:us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxx:endpoint:6LEFAZCDPQD2HWHJIXJYUU4PGMTKA2AKKFN4KCA",
  "ReplicationInstanceArn": "arn:aws:dms:us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxx:rep:C4CAB7ANKQU2AU7WFH4BYCJSLPS3YYUGCTHL3UA",
  "MigrationType": "full-load-and-cdc",
  "TableMappings": "{\"rules\":[{\"rule-type\":\"selection\",\"rule-id\":\"293111713\",\"rule-name\":\"293111713\",\"object-locator\":{\"schema-name\":\"%\",\"table-name\":\"%\"},\"rule-action\":\"include\",\"filters\":[]}]}",
  "ReplicationTaskSettings": "{\"Logging\":{\"EnableLogging\":true,\"LogComponents\":[{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TRANSFORMATION\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"SOURCE_UNLOAD\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"IO\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TARGET_LOAD\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"PERFORMANCE\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"SOURCE_CAPTURE\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"SORTER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"REST_SERVER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"VALIDATOR_EXT\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TARGET_APPLY\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TASK_MANAGER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TABLES_MANAGER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"METADATA_MANAGER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"FILE_FACTORY\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"COMMON\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"ADDONS\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"DATA_STRUCTURE\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"COMMUNICATION\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"FILE_TRANSFER\"}]},\"StreamBufferSettings\":{\"StreamBufferCount\":3,\"CtrlStreamBufferSizeInMB\":5,\"StreamBufferSizeInMB\":8},\"ErrorBehavior\":{\"FailOnNoTablesCaptured\":true,\"ApplyErrorUpdatePolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"FailOnTransactionConsistencyBreached\":false,\"RecoverableErrorThrottlingMax\":1800,\"DataErrorEscalationPolicy\":\"SUSPEND_TABLE\",\"ApplyErrorEscalationCount\":0,\"RecoverableErrorStopRetryAfterThrottlingMax\":true,\"RecoverableErrorThrottling\":true,\"ApplyErrorFailOnTruncationDdl\":false,\"DataTruncationErrorPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"ApplyErrorInsertPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"EventErrorPolicy\":\"IGNORE\",\"ApplyErrorEscalationPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"RecoverableErrorCount\":-1,\"DataErrorEscalationCount\":0,\"TableErrorEscalationPolicy\":\"STOP_TASK\",\"RecoverableErrorInterval\":5,\"ApplyErrorDeletePolicy\":\"IGNORE_RECORD\",\"TableErrorEscalationCount\":0,\"FullLoadIgnoreConflicts\":true,\"DataErrorPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"TableErrorPolicy\":\"SUSPEND_TABLE\"},\"ValidationSettings\":{\"ValidationPartialLobSize\":0,\"PartitionSize\":10000,\"RecordFailureDelayLimitInMinutes\":0,\"SkipLobColumns\":false,\"FailureMaxCount\":10000,\"HandleCollationDiff\":false,\"ValidationQueryCdcDelaySeconds\":0,\"ValidationMode\":\"ROW_LEVEL\",\"TableFailureMaxCount\":1000,\"RecordFailureDelayInMinutes\":5,\"MaxKeyColumnSize\":8096,\"EnableValidation\":true,\"ThreadCount\":5,\"RecordSuspendDelayInMinutes\":30,\"ValidationOnly\":false},\"TTSettings\":{\"TTS3Settings\":null,\"TTRecordSettings\":null,\"EnableTT\":false},\"FullLoadSettings\":{\"CommitRate\":10000,\"StopTaskCachedChangesApplied\":false,\"StopTaskCachedChangesNotApplied\":false,\"MaxFullLoadSubTasks\":8,\"TransactionConsistencyTimeout\":600,\"CreatePkAfterFullLoad\":false,\"TargetTablePrepMode\":\"DROP_AND_CREATE\"},\"TargetMetadata\":{\"ParallelApplyBufferSize\":0,\"ParallelApplyQueuesPerThread\":0,\"ParallelApplyThreads\":0,\"TargetSchema\":\"\",\"InlineLobMaxSize\":0,\"ParallelLoadQueuesPerThread\":0,\"SupportLobs\":true,\"LobChunkSize\":0,\"TaskRecoveryTableEnabled\":false,\"ParallelLoadThreads\":0,\"LobMaxSize\":32,\"BatchApplyEnabled\":false,\"FullLobMode\":false,\"LimitedSizeLobMode\":true,\"LoadMaxFileSize\":0,\"ParallelLoadBufferSize\":0},\"BeforeImageSettings\":null,\"ControlTablesSettings\":{\"historyTimeslotInMinutes\":5,\"HistoryTimeslotInMinutes\":5,\"StatusTableEnabled\":false,\"SuspendedTablesTableEnabled\":false,\"HistoryTableEnabled\":false,\"ControlSchema\":\"\",\"FullLoadExceptionTableEnabled\":false},\"LoopbackPreventionSettings\":null,\"CharacterSetSettings\":null,\"FailTaskWhenCleanTaskResourceFailed\":false,\"ChangeProcessingTuning\":{\"StatementCacheSize\":50,\"CommitTimeout\":1,\"BatchApplyPreserveTransaction\":true,\"BatchApplyTimeoutMin\":1,\"BatchSplitSize\":0,\"BatchApplyTimeoutMax\":30,\"MinTransactionSize\":1000,\"MemoryKeepTime\":60,\"BatchApplyMemoryLimit\":500,\"MemoryLimitTotal\":1024},\"ChangeProcessingDdlHandlingPolicy\":{\"HandleSourceTableDropped\":true,\"HandleSourceTableTruncated\":true,\"HandleSourceTableAltered\":true},\"PostProcessingRules\":null}",
  "CdcStartPosition": "checkpoint:V1#102#00000000/B803EBA0#0#0#*#0#277"
}

您可以使用 create-replication-task AWS CLI 命令编辑和恢复 JSON 文件。

例如，此命令会使用 task_backup.json 文件创建任务 ID 为 restored-dms-task 的 AWS DMS 复制任务：

aws dms create-replication-task --replication-task-identifier restored-dms-task --cli-input-json file://task_backup.json

注意： 如果您在命令中包含replication-task-identifier，则会覆盖 task_backup.json 文件中的 replication-task-identifier 值。

相关信息

为 AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) 指定任务设置

使用 AWS DMS 为持续复制创建任务