如何使用 AWS CLI 和 jq 创建我的 AWS DMS 任务设置的备份?
我想备份我的 AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) 复制任务设置,以便日后恢复或用作模板。
解决方案
**注意:**如果您在运行 AWS 命令行界面 (AWS CLI) 命令时收到错误,请参阅 AWS CLI 错误故障排除。此外,请确保您使用的是最新版本的 AWS CLI。
要创建 AWS DMS 复制任务设置的备份,请使用 AWS CLI 和 jq 命令行 JSON 处理器。
获取复制任务设置
要获取 AWS DMS 复制任务设置,请运行 AWS CLI 命令 describe-replication-tasks。使用 --filters 标志仅返回与以下项目之一匹配的任务:
- 复制任务 ID
- 复制任务 Amazon 资源名称 (ARN)
要使用复制任务 ID 获取 AWS DMS 任务的复制任务设置,请运行以下 describe-replication-tasks 命令:
aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=dms_task_id --output json
**注意:**将 dms_task_id 替换为您的 AWS DMS 复制任务 ID。
要获取包含复制任务 ARN 的 AWS DMS 任务的复制任务设置,请运行以下命令:
aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-arn,Values=dms_task_arn --output json
**注意:**将 dms_task_arn 替换为您的 AWS DMS 复制任务 ARN。
使用 jq 筛选和转换输出 JSON
**注意:**要下载 jq 工具,请参阅 jqlang 网站上的 ./jq。
您必须筛选和转换复制任务设置 JSON,使其兼容以便在日后恢复。
使用 jq 命令行 JSON 处理器根据您运行的任务类型修改输出 JSON。
对于完全加载任务,请移除以下数据:
- ReplicationTaskArn
- ReplicationTaskStartDate
- ReplicationTaskStats
- 状态
- StopReason
- ReplicationTaskCreationDate
- CloudWatchLogGroup
- CloudWatchLogStream
- RecoveryCheckpoint
对于变更数据捕获 (CDC) 任务,添加 CdcStartPosition 密钥,然后将该值设置为 RecoveryCheckpoint。另外,移除以下数据:
- ReplicationTaskArn
- ReplicationTaskStartDate
- ReplicationTaskStats
- 状态
- StopReason
- ReplicationTaskCreationDate
- CloudWatchLogGroup
- CloudWatchLogStream
- RecoveryCheckpoint
对于完全加载和 CDC 任务,移除以下数据:
- ReplicationTaskArn
- ReplicationTaskStartDate
- ReplicationTaskStats
- 状态
- StopReason
- ReplicationTaskCreationDate
- CloudWatchLogGroup
- CloudWatchLogStream
- RecoveryCheckpoint
要将输出 JSON 发送到 jq,然后筛选和转换复制任务数据,请运行以下 describe-replication-tasks 命令之一。
要使用 AWS DMS 复制任务 ID,请运行以下命令:
aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=dms_task_id --output json | jq '.ReplicationTasks | .[] | .TableMappings |= fromjson | .ReplicationTaskSettings |= fromjson | .["CdcStartPosition"] = .RecoveryCheckpoint | delpaths([ ["ReplicationTaskArn"],["ReplicationTaskStartDate"],["ReplicationTaskStats"],["Status"],["StopReason"],["ReplicationTaskCreationDate"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogGroup"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogStream"],["RecoveryCheckpoint"]]) | .TableMappings |= tostring |.ReplicationTaskSettings |= tostring'
**注意:**将 dms_task_id 替换为您的 AWS DMS 复制任务 ID。
要使用 AWS DMS 复制任务 ARN,请运行以下命令:
aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-arn,Values=dms-task-arn --output json | jq '.ReplicationTasks | .[] | .TableMappings |= fromjson | .ReplicationTaskSettings |= fromjson | .["CdcStartPosition"] = .RecoveryCheckpoint | delpaths([ ["ReplicationTaskArn"],["ReplicationTaskStartDate"],["ReplicationTaskStats"],["Status"],["StopReason"],["ReplicationTaskCreationDate"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogGroup"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogStream"],["RecoveryCheckpoint"]]) | .TableMappings |= tostring |.ReplicationTaskSettings |= tostring'
**注意:**将 dms_task_arn 替换为您的 AWS DMS 复制任务 ARN。
将输出保存到 JSON 文件中
要将输出保存为备份,请将其重定向到 JSON 文件。例如,以下命令将任务 ID 为 dms_original_task 的 AWS DMS 任务的任务设置保存到 task_backup.json JSON 文件中:
aws dms describe-replication-tasks --filter Name=replication-task-id,Values=original-dms-task --output json | jq '.ReplicationTasks | .[] | .TableMappings |= fromjson | .ReplicationTaskSettings |= fromjson | .["CdcStartPosition"] = .RecoveryCheckpoint | delpaths([ ["ReplicationTaskArn"],["ReplicationTaskStartDate"],["ReplicationTaskStats"],["Status"],["StopReason"],["ReplicationTaskCreationDate"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogGroup"],["ReplicationTaskSettings","Logging","CloudWatchLogStream"],["RecoveryCheckpoint"]]) | .TableMappings |= tostring |.ReplicationTaskSettings |= tostring' > task_backup.json
输出 JSON 文件示例:
{ "ReplicationTaskIdentifier": "original-dms-task", "SourceEndpointArn": "arn:aws:dms:us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxx:endpoint:QKMQN2TCULCPYIK3CMGF2CRDC5DIWZ433BCKHZY", "TargetEndpointArn": "arn:aws:dms:us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxx:endpoint:6LEFAZCDPQD2HWHJIXJYUU4PGMTKA2AKKFN4KCA", "ReplicationInstanceArn": "arn:aws:dms:us-east-1:xxxxxxxxxxxx:rep:C4CAB7ANKQU2AU7WFH4BYCJSLPS3YYUGCTHL3UA", "MigrationType": "full-load-and-cdc", "TableMappings": "{\"rules\":[{\"rule-type\":\"selection\",\"rule-id\":\"293111713\",\"rule-name\":\"293111713\",\"object-locator\":{\"schema-name\":\"%\",\"table-name\":\"%\"},\"rule-action\":\"include\",\"filters\":[]}]}", "ReplicationTaskSettings": "{\"Logging\":{\"EnableLogging\":true,\"LogComponents\":[{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TRANSFORMATION\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"SOURCE_UNLOAD\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"IO\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TARGET_LOAD\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"PERFORMANCE\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"SOURCE_CAPTURE\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"SORTER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"REST_SERVER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"VALIDATOR_EXT\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TARGET_APPLY\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TASK_MANAGER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"TABLES_MANAGER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"METADATA_MANAGER\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"FILE_FACTORY\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"COMMON\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"ADDONS\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"DATA_STRUCTURE\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"COMMUNICATION\"},{\"Severity\":\"LOGGER_SEVERITY_DEFAULT\",\"Id\":\"FILE_TRANSFER\"}]},\"StreamBufferSettings\":{\"StreamBufferCount\":3,\"CtrlStreamBufferSizeInMB\":5,\"StreamBufferSizeInMB\":8},\"ErrorBehavior\":{\"FailOnNoTablesCaptured\":true,\"ApplyErrorUpdatePolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"FailOnTransactionConsistencyBreached\":false,\"RecoverableErrorThrottlingMax\":1800,\"DataErrorEscalationPolicy\":\"SUSPEND_TABLE\",\"ApplyErrorEscalationCount\":0,\"RecoverableErrorStopRetryAfterThrottlingMax\":true,\"RecoverableErrorThrottling\":true,\"ApplyErrorFailOnTruncationDdl\":false,\"DataTruncationErrorPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"ApplyErrorInsertPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"EventErrorPolicy\":\"IGNORE\",\"ApplyErrorEscalationPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"RecoverableErrorCount\":-1,\"DataErrorEscalationCount\":0,\"TableErrorEscalationPolicy\":\"STOP_TASK\",\"RecoverableErrorInterval\":5,\"ApplyErrorDeletePolicy\":\"IGNORE_RECORD\",\"TableErrorEscalationCount\":0,\"FullLoadIgnoreConflicts\":true,\"DataErrorPolicy\":\"LOG_ERROR\",\"TableErrorPolicy\":\"SUSPEND_TABLE\"},\"ValidationSettings\":{\"ValidationPartialLobSize\":0,\"PartitionSize\":10000,\"RecordFailureDelayLimitInMinutes\":0,\"SkipLobColumns\":false,\"FailureMaxCount\":10000,\"HandleCollationDiff\":false,\"ValidationQueryCdcDelaySeconds\":0,\"ValidationMode\":\"ROW_LEVEL\",\"TableFailureMaxCount\":1000,\"RecordFailureDelayInMinutes\":5,\"MaxKeyColumnSize\":8096,\"EnableValidation\":true,\"ThreadCount\":5,\"RecordSuspendDelayInMinutes\":30,\"ValidationOnly\":false},\"TTSettings\":{\"TTS3Settings\":null,\"TTRecordSettings\":null,\"EnableTT\":false},\"FullLoadSettings\":{\"CommitRate\":10000,\"StopTaskCachedChangesApplied\":false,\"StopTaskCachedChangesNotApplied\":false,\"MaxFullLoadSubTasks\":8,\"TransactionConsistencyTimeout\":600,\"CreatePkAfterFullLoad\":false,\"TargetTablePrepMode\":\"DROP_AND_CREATE\"},\"TargetMetadata\":{\"ParallelApplyBufferSize\":0,\"ParallelApplyQueuesPerThread\":0,\"ParallelApplyThreads\":0,\"TargetSchema\":\"\",\"InlineLobMaxSize\":0,\"ParallelLoadQueuesPerThread\":0,\"SupportLobs\":true,\"LobChunkSize\":0,\"TaskRecoveryTableEnabled\":false,\"ParallelLoadThreads\":0,\"LobMaxSize\":32,\"BatchApplyEnabled\":false,\"FullLobMode\":false,\"LimitedSizeLobMode\":true,\"LoadMaxFileSize\":0,\"ParallelLoadBufferSize\":0},\"BeforeImageSettings\":null,\"ControlTablesSettings\":{\"historyTimeslotInMinutes\":5,\"HistoryTimeslotInMinutes\":5,\"StatusTableEnabled\":false,\"SuspendedTablesTableEnabled\":false,\"HistoryTableEnabled\":false,\"ControlSchema\":\"\",\"FullLoadExceptionTableEnabled\":false},\"LoopbackPreventionSettings\":null,\"CharacterSetSettings\":null,\"FailTaskWhenCleanTaskResourceFailed\":false,\"ChangeProcessingTuning\":{\"StatementCacheSize\":50,\"CommitTimeout\":1,\"BatchApplyPreserveTransaction\":true,\"BatchApplyTimeoutMin\":1,\"BatchSplitSize\":0,\"BatchApplyTimeoutMax\":30,\"MinTransactionSize\":1000,\"MemoryKeepTime\":60,\"BatchApplyMemoryLimit\":500,\"MemoryLimitTotal\":1024},\"ChangeProcessingDdlHandlingPolicy\":{\"HandleSourceTableDropped\":true,\"HandleSourceTableTruncated\":true,\"HandleSourceTableAltered\":true},\"PostProcessingRules\":null}", "CdcStartPosition": "checkpoint:V1#102#00000000/B803EBA0#0#0#*#0#277" }
要编辑和恢复 JSON 文件,请运行 create-replication-task 命令。
例如,要使用 task_backup.json 文件创建任务 ID 为 restored-dms-task 的 AWS DMS 复制任务,请运行以下命令:
aws dms create-replication-task --replication-task-identifier restored-dms-task --cli-input-json file://task_backup.json
**注意:**如果您在命令中包含 replication-task-identifier,则会覆盖 task_backup.json 文件中的 replication-task-identifier 值。
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