如何使用 AWS CLI 命令管理 Lightsail 執行個體？
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如何使用 AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) 第 1 版命令管理 Amazon Lightsail 執行個體？
簡短描述
如需 Amazon Lightsail AWS CLI 命令清單，請參閱 AWS CLI 命令參考和 Amazon Lightsail API 參考。
以下是在 Lightsail 執行個體上使用 AWS CLI 命令的常見案例：
- 列出區域中所有可用的 Lightsail 計畫 (套件) 和藍圖。
- 使用特定套件和藍圖建立 Lightsail 執行個體。
- 列出特定區域中的所有 Lightsail 執行個體。
- 配置靜態 IP 地位址，然後將其連接至執行個體並進行驗證。
**注意：**使用 AWS CLI 命令時，請記住下列事項：
- 如果您在執行 AWS CLI 命令時收到錯誤，請確保您使用的是最新版本的 AWS CLI。
- JSON 是預設 AWS CLI 輸出。您可以使用預設值，或者將 --output json 附加至命令來接收輸出，如下列範例所示。如需詳細資訊，請參閱從 AWS CLI 控制命令輸出。
- 如需有關解決 AWS CLI 錯誤的一般資訊，請參閱為什麼在執行 AWS CLI 命令時收到錯誤？
- AWS CLI 命令輸出以 Unix Epoch 時間顯示時間戳記。使用下列其中一種方法將時間戳記轉換為 UTC：
macOS：
移除時間戳記中的小數點和小數點右側的任何數字，然後執行下列命令：
# date -r 1602175741 -u Thu Oct 8 16:49:01 UTC 2020
Linux：
執行下列命令：
# date -d @1602175741.603 -u Thu Oct 8 16:49:01 UTC 2020
Windows：
使用轉換器 (例如 epochconverter.com) 轉換時間戳記。
解決方法
列出區域中所有可用的 Lightsail 套件和藍圖
執行 get-bundles 命令，以查看您所在區域可供購買的所有套件清單。在下列命令中，將 eu-west-1 取代為您的區域：
# aws lightsail get-bundles --region eu-west-1 --query 'bundles[].{price:price,cpuCount:cpuCount,ramSizeInGb:ramSizeInGb,diskSizeInGb:diskSizeInGb,bundleId:bundleId,instanceType:instanceType,supportedPlatforms:supportedPlatforms[0]}' --output table --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | GetBundles | +-----------------+-----------+---------------+---------------+--------+---------------+----------------------+ | bundleId | cpuCount | diskSizeInGb | instanceType | price | ramSizeInGb | supportedPlatforms | +-----------------+-----------+---------------+---------------+--------+---------------+----------------------+ | nano_2_0 | 1 | 20 | nano | 3.5 | 0.5 | LINUX_UNIX | | micro_2_0 | 1 | 40 | micro | 5.0 | 1.0 | LINUX_UNIX | | small_2_0 | 1 | 60 | small | 10.0 | 2.0 | LINUX_UNIX | | medium_2_0 | 2 | 80 | medium | 20.0 | 4.0 | LINUX_UNIX | | large_2_0 | 2 | 160 | large | 40.0 | 8.0 | LINUX_UNIX | | xlarge_2_0 | 4 | 320 | xlarge | 80.0 | 16.0 | LINUX_UNIX | | 2xlarge_2_0 | 8 | 640 | 2xlarge | 160.0 | 32.0 | LINUX_UNIX | | nano_win_2_0 | 1 | 30 | nano | 8.0 | 0.5 | WINDOWS | | micro_win_2_0 | 1 | 40 | micro | 12.0 | 1.0 | WINDOWS | | small_win_2_0 | 1 | 60 | small | 20.0 | 2.0 | WINDOWS | | medium_win_2_0 | 2 | 80 | medium | 40.0 | 4.0 | WINDOWS | | large_win_2_0 | 2 | 160 | large | 70.0 | 8.0 | WINDOWS | | xlarge_win_2_0 | 4 | 320 | xlarge | 120.0 | 16.0 | WINDOWS | | 2xlarge_win_2_0| 8 | 640 | 2xlarge | 240.0 | 32.0 | WINDOWS | +-----------------+-----------+---------------+---------------+--------+---------------+----------------------+
執行 get-blueprints 命令以查看您所在區域中所有映像或藍圖的清單。然後，您可以選擇使用可用映像建立新的執行個體。在下列命令中，將 eu-west-1 取代為您的區域：
# aws lightsail get-blueprints --region eu-west-1 --query 'blueprints[].{blueprintId:blueprintId,name:name,group:group,productUrl:productUrl,platform:platform}' --output table --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | GetBlueprints | +--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | blueprintId | group | name | platform | productUrl | +--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | windows_server_2019 | windows_2019 | Windows Server 2019 | WINDOWS | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B07QZ4XZ8F | | windows_server_2016 | windows_2016 | Windows Server 2016 | WINDOWS | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B01M7SJEU7 | | windows_server_2012 | windows_2012 | Windows Server 2012 R2 | WINDOWS | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00KQOWCAQ | | windows_server_2016_sql_2016_express| windows_2016_sql_exp | SQL Server 2016 Express | WINDOWS | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B01MAZHH98 | | amazon_linux_2 | amazon_linux_2 | Amazon Linux 2 | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/ | | amazon_linux | amazon-linux | Amazon Linux | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00CIYTQTC | | ubuntu_20_04 | ubuntu_20 | Ubuntu | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B087QQNGF1 | | ubuntu_18_04 | ubuntu_18 | Ubuntu | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B07CQ33QKV | | ubuntu_16_04_2 | ubuntu | Ubuntu | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B01JBL2M0O | | debian_10 | debian_10 | Debian | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B0859NK4HC | | debian_9_5 | debian_9 | Debian | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B073HW9SP3 | | debian_8_7 | debian | Debian | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00WUNJIEE | | freebsd_12 | freebsd | FreeBSD | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B07L6QV354 | | opensuse_15_1 | opensuse | openSUSE | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B01N4R3GJI | | centos_7_1901_01 | centos | CentOS | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00O7WM7QW | | wordpress | wordpress | WordPress | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NN8Y43U | | wordpress_multisite | wordpress_multisite | WordPress Multisite | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NN8XE6S | | lamp_7 | lamp_7 | LAMP (PHP 7) | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B072JNJZ5C | | nodejs | node | Node.js | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZUAKO | | joomla | joomla | Joomla | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZUP54 | | magento | magento | Magento | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZTA6Y | | mean | mean | MEAN | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NO1HJ56 | | drupal | drupal | Drupal | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZSUMO | | gitlab | gitlab | GitLab CE | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZU5PO | | redmine | redmine | Redmine | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZUVHQ | | nginx | nginx | Nginx | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NPHKI3Y | | ghost_bitnami | ghost_bitnami | Ghost | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NPHLY8W | | django_bitnami | django_bitnami | Django | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NNZTDNO | | plesk_ubuntu_18_0_28 | plesk_ubuntu | Plesk Hosting Stack on Ubuntu | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B077MJL7Z2 | | cpanel_whm_linux | cpanel_whm_linux | cPanel & WHM for Linux | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B07RRX2TVV | +--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
範例：
下列命令使用 Linux/Unix 平台作業系統篩選藍圖：
# aws lightsail get-blueprints --query 'blueprints[?type==`os`&&platform==`LINUX_UNIX`].{name:name,version:version}' --output table -------------------------------------------- | GetBlueprints | +-----------------+------------------------+ | name | version | +-----------------+------------------------+ | Amazon Linux 2 | 2.0.20200917.0 | | Amazon Linux | 2018.03.0.20200918.0 | | Ubuntu | 20.04 LTS | | Ubuntu | 18.04 LTS | | Ubuntu | 16.04 LTS | | Debian | 10.5 | | Debian | 9.5 | | Debian | 8.7 | | FreeBSD | 12.1 | | openSUSE | 15.1 | | CentOS | 7 1901-01 | +-----------------+------------------------+
使用特定套件和藍圖建立 Lightsail 執行個體
1. 執行下列命令以取得藍圖。下列範例命令會取得 WordPress 藍圖。將 eu-west-1 取代為您的區域，並將 WordPress 資訊取代為您選擇的藍圖資訊。
# aws lightsail get-blueprints --region eu-west-1 --query 'blueprints[].{blueprintId:blueprintId,name:name,group:group,productUrl:productUrl,platform:platform}' --output table |grep -i wordpress | wordpress | wordpress | WordPress | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NN8Y43U | | wordpress_multisite | wordpress_multisite | WordPress Multisite | LINUX_UNIX | https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B00NN8XE6S |
2. 執行 create-instances 命令以建立 Amazon Lightsail 執行個體。下列範例會使用 WordPress 藍圖和 micro_2_0 套件在 eu-west-1 區域中建立 Amazon Lightsail 執行個體。將 --instance-names、blueprint-id、bundle-id 和 --region 取代為您的請求的適當值。
# aws lightsail create-instances --region eu-west-1 --instance-names MyNewInstance --availability-zone eu-west-1a --blueprint-id wordpress --bundle-id micro_2_0 { "operations": [ { "id": "003757e7-0880-4162-9912-211d4756081e", "resourceName": "MyNewInstance", "resourceType": "Instance", "createdAt": 1602175452.334, "location": { "availabilityZone": "eu-west-1a", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "isTerminal": false, "operationType": "CreateInstance", "status": "Started", "statusChangedAt": 1602175452.334 } ] }
若要使用單一 API 呼叫建立多個執行個體，請指定具有 **--instance-names {"LightsailInstance1","LightsailInstance2"} 的參數。**下列範例會使用 WordPress 藍圖和 micro_2_0 套件在 eu-west-1 區域中建立兩個 Lightsail 執行個體。
# aws lightsail create-instances --region eu-west-1 --instance-names {"TestLightsailInstance1","TestLightsailInstance2"} --availability-zone eu-west-1a --blueprint-id wordpress --bundle-id micro_2_0 { "operations": [ { "id": "8a15b195-9a20-4d79-ad1d-6e85557ae94d", "resourceName": "TestLightsailInstance1", "resourceType": "Instance", "createdAt": 1602175741.602, "location": { "availabilityZone": "eu-west-1a", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "isTerminal": false, "operationType": "CreateInstance", "status": "Started", "statusChangedAt": 1602175741.602 }, { "id": "a006513b-0e25-4802-ab33-671a40bf5a92", "resourceName": "TestLightsailInstance2", "resourceType": "Instance", "createdAt": 1602175741.603, "location": { "availabilityZone": "eu-west-1a", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "isTerminal": false, "operationType": "CreateInstance", "status": "Started", "statusChangedAt": 1602175741.603 } ] }
列出區域中的所有 Lightsail 執行個體
執行 get-instances 命令，以顯示特定區域中的 Lightsail 執行個體。下列範例顯示 eu-west-1 區域中的所有 Lightsai 執行個體。將 --region 取代為適合您的請求的值。
# aws lightsail get-instances --region eu-west-1 --query 'instances[].{name:name,createdAt:createdAt,blueprintId:blueprintId,blueprintName:blueprintName,publicIpAddress:publicIpAddress}' --output table --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | GetInstances | +-----------------+----------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | blueprintId | blueprintName | createdAt | name | publicIpAddress | +-----------------+----------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | wordpress_4_9_8| WordPress | 1545700733.77 | WordPress-512MB-Ireland-1 | 63.33.xx.xx | | wordpress | WordPress | 1602175741.603 | TestLightsailInstance2 | 63.33.xx.xx | | wordpress | WordPress | 1602175741.602 | TestLightsailInstance1 | 54.7.xx.xx | | wordpress | WordPress | 1588098501.555 | WordPress-1 | 3.250.xx.xx | | wordpress | WordPress | 1602175452.334 | MyNewInstance | 54.195.xx.xx +-----------------+----------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+
配置靜態 IP，然後將其連接至建立的 Lightsail 執行個體並進行驗證。
注意：create-instances 命令會建立一個已指派公有 IP 地址的 Lightsail 執行個體。與您可以指派並重新指派給執行個體或其他資源的公有 IP 地址不同，靜態 IP 位址是固定的。如果您尚未為執行個體建立靜態 IP 地址，則 Lightsail 會在您每次停止或重新啟動執行個體時指派新的公有 IP 地址。
1. 執行 allocate-static-ip 命令以配置固定的公有地址。下列範例會顯示在 eu-west-1 區域中，名為 StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1 的靜態 IP 的配置。將 --static-ip-name 和 --region 取代為適合您的請求的值。
# aws lightsail allocate-static-ip --static-ip-name StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1 --region eu-west-1 { "operations": [ { "id": "6471cedc-97f5-42d1-b35f-4f77c5f93242", "resourceName": "StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1", "resourceType": "StaticIp", "createdAt": 1602180341.746, "location": { "availabilityZone": "all", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "isTerminal": true, "operationType": "AllocateStaticIp", "status": "Succeeded", "statusChangedAt": 1602180342.011 } ] }
2. 執行 get-static-ip 命令，以顯示已配置靜態 IP 地址的值。下列範例會顯示在 eu-west-1 區域中，名為 StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1 的靜態 IP 52.210.xx.xx 的配置。將 --static-ip-name 和 --region 取代為適合您的請求的值。
# aws lightsail get-static-ip --static-ip-name StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1 --region eu-west-1 { "staticIp": { "name": "StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1", "arn": "arn:aws:lightsail:eu-west-1:920893848407:StaticIp/16a97579-c51e-404c-96cc-5946528d12aa", "supportCode": "11178xxxxxxx/52.210.xx.xx", "createdAt": 1602180341.746, "location": { "availabilityZone": "all", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "resourceType": "StaticIp", "ipAddress": "52.210.xx.xx", "isAttached": false } }
3. 執行 attach-static-ip 命令，以將靜態 IP 地址連接至您的 Lightsail 執行個體。下列範例會顯示在 eu-west-1 區域中，將名為 StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1 的靜態 IP 52.210.xx.xx 配置為名為 TestLightsailInstance1 的執行個體的操作。將 --static-ip-name、--instance-name 和 --region 取代為適合您的請求的值。
# aws lightsail attach-static-ip --static-ip-name StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1 --instance-name TestLightsailInstance1 --region eu-west-1 { "operations": [ { "id": "d9d2372f-b4b7-4838-99ae-c15f8ffb8332", "resourceName": "StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1", "resourceType": "StaticIp", "createdAt": 1602180562.026, "location": { "availabilityZone": "all", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "isTerminal": true, "operationDetails": "TestLightsailInstance1", "operationType": "AttachStaticIp", "status": "Succeeded", "statusChangedAt": 1602180562.026 }, { "id": "131994d8-bd25-4b47-8d81-851224b168d1", "resourceName": "TestLightsailInstance1", "resourceType": "Instance", "createdAt": 1602180562.026, "location": { "availabilityZone": "eu-west-1a", "regionName": "eu-west-1" }, "isTerminal": true, "operationDetails": "StaticIpForTestLightsailInstance1", "operationType": "AttachStaticIp", "status": "Succeeded", "statusChangedAt": 1602180562.026 } ] }
4. 執行 get-instances 命令，以確認靜態 IP 地址是否與 Lightsail 執行個體正確關聯。
# aws lightsail get-instances --region eu-west-1 --query 'instances[].{name:name,createdAt:createdAt,blueprintId:blueprintId,blueprintName:blueprintName,publicIpAddress:publicIpAddress,InstanceID:supportCode}' --output table --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | GetInstances | +----------------------------------+------------------+----------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | InstanceID | blueprintId | blueprintName | createdAt | name | publicIpAddress | +----------------------------------+------------------+----------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+ | 11178xxxxxxx/i-09f6xxxx| wordpress | WordPress | 1602175741.602 | TestLightsailInstance1 | 52.210.xx.xx | +----------------------------------+------------------+----------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------+-------------------+
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