Is it possible to automate the replacement of a table in Athena?

It's hard to tell exactly what you're trying to do based on the initial data that you provided.

Lambda and EventBridge If your queries are constant you can create a Lambda function that will interact with the AWS SDK. Additionally you could schedule the Lambda to run based on a cron expression with EventBridge (Cloud Watch Events).

• https://aws.amazon.com/developer/tools/
• https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/services-cloudwatchevents-expressions.html

Partitioned Tables If you're replacing the table to update the partition because new data was added to S3 then you can change your approach. MSCK REPAIR TABLE will update the metadata. Alternatively you can use ALTER TABLE ADD PARTITION.

• https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/ug/msck-repair-table.html
• https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/ug/alter-table-add-partition.html

Hopefully one of these approaches helps you. If they don't solve your problem, can you please elaborate on your situation and goal so that I can try to provide more appropriate help.